In recent years, supply chain disruptions, the COVID-19 pandemic and its continued economic impacts, and severe weather events associated with climate change have brought to light the need for greater resilience in America’s farm and food system. In partnership with USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, American Farmland Trust analyzed the generational differences and economic data to better understand farm transitions, agricultural land conservation, and conservation practice adoption. This discussion paper examines producer characteristics at both ends of the spectrum—those at or beyond retirement age and young, beginning, and historically underserved farmers and ranchers to understand the impacts of who is farming, how they are farming, and where they are farming amid changing demographics, production systems, and agricultural land ownership and management.