This report is in response to Section 12607 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the 2018 Farm Bill)1, wherein the U.S. Congress tasked the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) with analyzing the barriers preventing or hindering the ability of beginning and socially disadvantaged (SDA) farmers and ranchers to acquire or access farmland, and what USDA is doing to address these concerns. This report used USDA survey, census, and administrative data to examine measures of land access and other factors associated with the share of SDA and beginning farmers and ranchers in a county in 25 States.