The Hudson River Valley represents an economic mix of industrial, commercial, recreational and residential uses. Agriculture is an important economic and cultural component within this patchwork of uses. During the last forty years however, agriculture has undergone a slow transition caused in part by development radiating from nearby metropolitan centers such as Albany and New York City. The result is a fundamentally different agricultural economy serving a very different community base. In recent years, the noticeable effect of this transition has caused many to question the future of agriculture in the valley. American Farmland Trust commissioned Agricultural and Community Development Services to conduct an assessment of agricultural economic development conditions in the valley. The study aimed to understand how current local conditions impact agriculture, and how those forces may affect the future of agriculture. Agricultural and Community Development Services was further commissioned to translate the results of the assessment into a series of structural and programmatic recommendations that will improve agriculture’s integration with the broader economy while supporting overall industry development.